2013年3月3日 星期日

「台灣人在滿洲國」揭80年前秘辛



台灣在日本統治時期,有一群年輕人到中國東北的滿洲國發展,其中出生在新竹的謝介石,還當上滿洲國的外交總長、駐日大使,最近有一部紀錄片介紹這段歷史。

1930年代,日本統治台灣,當時不被國民政府承認,但同樣被日本殖民的中國東北「偽滿洲國」,因為發展與出路好,待遇約是台灣的3倍,估計大約有5000名台灣人前往東北滿州國發展,不少人在滿洲國公務部門工作,台灣新竹人謝介石還出任滿洲國第一任外交部總長,是當時台灣人得最高官銜的一位,紀錄片工作者試著想還原這段台灣人在中國東北打拼的歷史,但卻困難重重。

                     日治時期艋舺第一藝旦王香禪(右),與滿洲國最高階官員,台灣籍外交總長謝介石(左)。
                     (圖片來源:見參考資料)


==紀錄片製作人 丁雯靜==
-1要找到當時的第一代非常困難
-1在這一部片子裡頭的第一代
-1我們目前只找到5個人
-150幾個人只有5個人
-1大部分都是第二代
-1我們主要是透過史料
-1去看那個時候台灣的歷史場景

剛開始製作團隊連一張謝介石的照片都找不到,好不容易與謝介石分離兩岸的家屬聯繫上,才得以拼湊出這段埋藏了近80年的歷史,也促成了謝介石的後代在台重聚。

==謝介石後代 謝輝==
-1我的堂姐堂兄
-1相隔70年了第一次見
-1不容易呀 真是不容易呀

==謝介石後代 謝孟姑==
-1希望能夠洗清我爺爺
-1不是漢奸 只有(期望)這樣而已

這部台灣人在滿洲國紀錄片,描述了台灣人勇闖天涯的精神,也討論大時代下、複雜的國族認同和離散的家族命運。(記者 陳姝君、張國樑 台北報導-2013-02-27-公視中晝新聞 )


艋舺第一藝旦王香禪與滿州國外長謝介石

二月份,中天電視台有一部《臺灣人在滿洲國》紀錄片,片中重要主角之一是謝介石,他是滿洲國第一任外交總長,一生共換過五次國籍,歷經清國、日本、中華民國、滿洲國、中華人民共和國。不過,我對他的正房,艋舺著名藝旦王香禪,更有興趣。

多年前,讀過王香禪的故事,深深被這個奇女子所吸引,也覺得,台灣的電視劇,寧可購買或拍攝不斷重複的中國宮廷劇,或結局結束不了的連續劇,以及老是王子與公主、麻雀與鳳凰的偶像劇,也不願意花點心思與多點預算,來拍攝這樣兼具情愛、藝文與國族意識等劇情張力十足的歷史故事,甚為可惜。

王香禪,本名罔市,後改名夢癡,號留仙,台北艋舺草仔鞍人(萬華區龍山里),出身在六口的魚販之家,家境清寒,自小被龍山寺附近婦女董治收為養女,從此注定他一生辛酸血淚,以唱曲陪酒,成為永樂座著名藝旦。

王香禪能唱京戲,雅愛詩文,曾隨台北宿儒趙一山學詩,藝名頗高。後受台北深坑人氏、抗日義軍領袖陳秋菊之辱,南下台南府城,從連雅堂遊,詩藝日進,有一說,他曾是連雅堂的紅粉知己,但連氏家族曾有人為文駁斥。王香禪在府城期間,認識台南舉人羅秀惠,他才華洋溢,惟貪杯嗜酒、風流浪漫,終告仳離,一度遁入空門,法號「香禪」。未幾還俗,嫁給新竹人是謝介石。

                 謝介石以首位台灣人走馬上任滿洲國外交總長,被日媒稱為「幸運兒」(台灣日日新報剪報)。


謝介石的發跡,是因為其父開設鴉片館,而累積了一些積蓄,謝、王婚後,同赴上海,轉居吉林、天津、北京等地。謝介石後來出任滿州國外交總長,是因為在日本留學時認識了張勳的兒子,因為這個機緣,讓他有機會加入張勳復辟的行列,也因而認識了末代皇帝溥儀,在轉入滿洲國籍後,幸運當上當時臺灣人最高的官銜--滿洲國第一任外交總長(1932~1937),當時,王香禪則留居天津,未隨赴滿州。

戰後,謝介石,將正房王香禪的孩子送回臺灣,其他家人先留中國,他在東北處理家產,不久,謝介石被國民黨以漢奸罪名逮捕入獄,國共內戰末期,他的三兒子也是共產黨地下黨員,曾在北京的家掩護過地下黨的頭頭,因為這個緣故,共產黨從國民黨的牢獄中,將他營救出來,謝介石得以逃過一劫。

1949年,中華人民共和國建國,國民黨撤退來台,兩岸分立,他的孩子也因此分散兩地,1954年他在中國逝世,從此未回到他的故鄉新竹,也留下一段台灣人歷經五個國籍的奇遇人生,但王香禪至今仍下落不明。


除了「艋舺第一藝旦王香禪與謝介石」之外,「女革命家謝雪紅與楊克煌」也是故事張力十足的動人故事,台灣的電視台、電影與製片人,不一定欠缺歷史的知識,但太依賴市場的邏輯,寧可選擇沒有爭議性的主題劇本,甚至老劇本,如包青天、西遊記、封神榜等一再重複拍攝,台灣的電視劇,何時走出藍天?


本文轉貼自【呂東熹部落格】-http://newtalk.tw/blog_read.php?oid=17511

參考資料:
邱奕松,《王香禪與詩》(台北文獻直字第93期),1990年,台北:文獻會。
施懿琳選編,《國民文選:傳統漢詩卷》,2004年,台北:玉山社出版公司。
《臺灣人在滿洲國》紀錄片,長天部落格 http://skyeyefilm.pixnet.net/blog/post/47670864)。

延伸閱讀 :
蔡佳潾,《美人心事—王香禪詩作分析》
http://120.107.164.187/taiwuncenter/index.php/creation/students/49-2010-04-23-03-12-33












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